Land transport refers to car transport, short distance and fast, can achieve door-to-door transport. cargo booking High cost, suitable for inland transport. Most of the intercity shipping is for exports. Of course, China also has a north-south route, which is also good. Suitable for long-distance, the requirements for items are not so strict, such as furniture, plates, tools. There are also sea refrigerators now. Loading fruits and vegetables is no problem. It saves money, but takes longer. Container transportation, from one station to another and after arriving in Hong Kong, still requires the use of container trucks. It is mainly used for international transportation, of which a large number.

I. International shipping

Advantages: The volume of Marine transportation is large, the cost of Marine service is low, and the channel network is accessible in all directions, container shipping rates which is the advantage of its enterprises.

Disadvantages: But slow speed, dangerous navigation, freight booking navigation date is not easy and accurate, is its disadvantage.

Land transport (road and rail)

Highway: the advantages are strong flexibility, low construction investment, easy to adapt to local conditions and door-to-door transportation; The disadvantage is that the unit transportation cost is relatively high.

Railway: the advantage is that the transport speed is fast, the load is large, and it is not affected by the analysis of natural environmental conditions; The disadvantage is that the construction capital investment is large, it can only be driven on the fixed line of the enterprise, the flexibility is poor, the need to cooperate and connect with other transportation management methods, and the short-distance transportation time cost is high.

3. International air transport

Disadvantages: The price is high, the number of goods transported is small, the packaging should not be too large, and the type of goods has great limitations.

Advantages: fast speed, convenient delivery, suitable for high enterprise value, small size, small amount, high speed development requirements of the goods.

According to the mode of operation of the ship, Marine transport can be divided into liner transport and charter transport, according to regional classification, container transport can be divided into domestic and foreign trade maritime transport.

1. Liner transportation

Features of liner transport: 1, liner transport has a fixed shipping date, route, port of call and relatively fixed freight rate; 2, liner freight includes handling charges, so the liner's port loading and unloading is responsible for the ship; 3, the number of liner cargo is more flexible, cargo owners according to the need to book space, especially suitable for general cargo and container cargo transport.

2. Liner freight

The freight of the liner company is stipulated by the liner tariff schedule, including the basic absence of freight and various education surcharges for the enterprise. Basic unit freight can be divided into the following two categories: one is the traditional cargo freight; One category is containerization rate.

Freight for groceries is also calculated based on the price of the item or the number of pieces. For large and small shipments, rates can be negotiated by both parties.

There are many kinds of surcharges and items in the freight of liner companies, which mainly include; Overlength surcharge, overweight surcharge, choice of discharge port surcharge, change of discharge port surcharge, fuel and energy surcharge, port city congestion surcharge, circumnavigation surcharge, transshipment surcharge and direct surcharge, etc.

In the container transportation costs, in addition to the above shipping costs, but also need to include related service fees and equipment usage fees.

In addition, liner companies charge higher freight rates for different cargoes mixed in the same package. Goods on the same bill of lading, such as different packaging, have different pricing levels and standards, such as the shipper does not list the gross weight and volume according to different packaging, the complete bill of lading will be charged at a higher rate, if there are more than two different names on the same bill of lading, if the shipper does not list the gross weight and volume separately, the freight will be charged at a higher rate.